Dear Expectant Mothers,
As your obstetrician, my primary goal is to ensure both your health and the health of your baby throughout your pregnancy. One crucial aspect of this is monitoring and managing your blood sugar levels.
Here's why:
When the maternal pancreatic insulin response is inadequate, it can lead to maternal and fetal hyperglycemia, particularly after meals. These postprandial hyperglycemic episodes are significant because they contribute to accelerated fetal growth, known as macrosomia.
High glucose levels in both mother and baby trigger fetal hyperinsulinemia, which promotes excess nutrient storage and results in a larger-than-average baby. This process also depletes fetal oxygen levels, leading to hypoxia. Hypoxia can cause surges in adrenal catecholamines, resulting in hypertension, cardiac remodeling, hypertrophy, and increased red cell production (polycythemia). High hematocrit values can lead to poor circulation and postnatal hyperbilirubinemia.
During a healthy pregnancy, fasting blood sugar levels typically decline to around 74 mg/dL, with postprandial peaks rarely exceeding 120 mg/dL. Maintaining these levels is crucial. Studies show that when 2-hour postprandial glucose levels are kept below 120 mg/dL, only about 20% of fetuses develop macrosomia. However, if these levels rise up to 160 mg/dL, the rate of macrosomia increases to 35%.
By closely monitoring and managing your blood sugar levels, we can significantly reduce the risk of complications for both you and your baby. This is why I insist on regular screening and maintaining optimal glucose levels throughout your pregnancy.
Warm regards,
Dr. Girija Wagh
Gynaecologist, Obstetrician & IVF Specialist
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